The properties of graphene are very unusual which makes it a more exciting material in the field of material science.

The thermal conductivity of graphene is excellent (up to 500 ​W/mK).

Graphene’s thermal properties include a high in-plane thermal conductivity and a low out-of-plane thermal conductance. The phonons govern the specific heat of graphene, which is somewhat higher than that of graphite and diamond below room temperature.

Due to such great thermal conductivity, it makes graphene a more promising material for all photonics & electronics applications.

While the magnetic properties of graphene are very effective and make it suitable for device applications. Few layered Graphenes demonstrated the existence of room temperature ferromagnetism.

This observation of room-temperature ferromagnetism in graphene, and copies of various inorganic materials underscores the significance of edge defects or effects. Notably, the defect associated with magnetism is also seen in nanomaterials like zinc oxide/aluminum oxide that are otherwise non-magnetic. The adsorption of electron acceptor/donor molecules might alter the graphene’s magnetic properties. The few-layer graphene magnetization is increased as the hydrogen interaction takes place.

There are various key properties of graphene that are very interesting but the electrical property of graphene is the most excited one. The electrical property of graphene is coming from connections (π- π) of carbon atoms where the valance (π-band) or conduction band (π-band) meets at 6 Dirac points, of which only 2 are different (K & K′) owing to symmetry, while the other 4 are equal to them.

 The electrical properties of graphene can be increased through the addition of free charge carriers.

Changing the electrical characteristics of graphene can enable it to be used in a range of electronic applications.

The other useful property of graphene is the good intrinsic electron mobility of up to 200,000 ​cm²/Vs and Young’s modulus up to 1.0 ​TPa.

The optical transmittance is up to 97.7% while the quantum Hall effect or chemical stability at an ambient temperature. Furthermore, graphene is two hundred times stronger as compared to steel, making it one of the most powerful materials ever experienced and suitable for almost every application ranging from electronics to the biomedical, environment to textiles.